Testing & protection / REFERENCE GUIDE

Prospective fault current,
with the context included.

Prospective fault current describes the current that could flow under a fault. It informs equipment selection, but a voltage divided by an assumed impedance is not a site verification.

What a proper assessment needs

Before this topic can be assessed for a real installation, the person responsible for the design or verification needs to establish the relevant facts:

  • Supply arrangement and point of assessment
  • Relevant line-neutral, line-line and earth-fault conditions
  • Measured or properly established supply impedance
  • Instrument method and measurement limitations
  • Equipment breaking capacity and manufacturer coordination data

Factors to consider

Different fault paths can produce different currents. A result derived from one earth-fault loop does not establish the highest prospective short-circuit current. Protective equipment must be assessed for the applicable conditions at its location.

Keep the evidence with the decision

Record the equipment, installation conditions and the source of the data used. Where a manufacturer supplies product-specific instructions or coordination data, the exact product matters. A generic example should not silently replace that information.

For UK installation work, use the applicable edition of BS 7671 together with relevant guidance and manufacturer instructions. The IET’s publication hub is the starting point for current editions and supporting material. This brief does not reproduce the standard or establish compliance with it.

IET · BS 7671 and supporting guidance

Related calculations

Our arithmetic tools show their scope, inputs and formulas explicitly. They can help you understand a relationship between quantities. They cannot replace the installation assessment described above.